I photo-reported on our 5 days of hiking in the Dolomites, really the southern Alps, 2 years ago. Here's a good piece on the topic: In Italy, Hiking and Haute Cuisine in the Dolomites - "In summer, when room rates are lower and tables accessible, hiking trails through forests and flower-filled meadows beckon, and enticing meals are never far away."
In winter, the region is a big, fashionable skiing area. In summer, just hikers and bikers. The food is more Austrian than Italian, and the languages are mixed - German, Italian, and Ladin.