Deadlifts (and maybe squats) are the best complex exertion one can do. We've claimed that ad nauseum. Which muscles do you want to stress with deadlifts? Core, glutes and hamstrings, legs, posterior chain, neck and trapezius. Got to go heavy.
Deadlift standards by sex (not gender) and age.
It’s Never Too Late to Start Lifting. Here’s How. As intimidating as strength training may seem, it's relatively easy to get a steady regimen off the ground. A good essay.
Useful: How to breathe when lifting weights